Drilling machine



Feb. 21, 1928.

A. E. ROBINSON ET AL DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb.2l, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheetv4 l s inlll lllliIlll /N VENTOR.

@Mwah Sheet 2 INVENTORS.

A. E. ROBINSON ET AL DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb. 2l

Feb. 21, 1928.

5 G 4 8 l Zf/ 1 d ma l ht. 5

Feb. 21, 192s. d 1,660,131

' A. E. ROBINSON ET A1,

DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb.k2l, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Iig. w,

Patented Feb. 21, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT E.' ROBINSON AND AUGUSTUS ivI. SOSA, or' CINCINNATI,OHIO,ASSIGNORS To TIIE AMERICAN Toor. WORKS COMPANY, or CINCINNATI,OIIIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

DRILLING MACHINE.

Application led February 21, 1925. Serial No. 10,947.

Oui' invention relates to means for driving the drill-spindle of adrilling machine at a plurality of selective speeds, and is anelaboration upon thefinechanism disclosed in Letters Patent of theUnited States No.1,297 256, granted March ll, 1919, on the applicationof H. lV. vSchatz and A. M. Sosa, for improvements in drilling machines.

In the device of said patent a relatively Small gear is associated withthe drill-spindle for rotating the drill-spindle athigh speeds, and arelatively large gear, exemplified as an internal gear, is associatedwith the drill-spindle for rotating the drill-spindle at relatively-slowspeeds, these relatively high speeds and relatively slowT speeds beingmultiplied by speed changing mechanism.

l/Ve have found it'desirable under certain conditions to dissociate therelatively large gear from the drill-spindle and its driving means, forinstance when employing the drill-spindle for tapping or threading Smallholes and similar or other operations in which it is desirabley torotate the drillspindle at the higher range of speeds and to reverse therotations ofthe drill-spindle in rapid sequences.

We have also found it advantageous under such relations and duringperformance of Such functions toy maintain the Vrelatively large gearstationary, and we have further found it advantageous to provide therelatively large gear with elongated bearing means comprising aplurality o-f axially arranged'ball-bearings about the drill-spindle,which aids in centering the relatively large gear about thedrill-spindle when the drillspindle is rotated throughthe medium of saidrelatively large gear, and aids in'maintaining axial alinement of therelatively large gear with the drill-spindle when said relatively largegear is dissociated from rotative connection with the drill-spindle orAheld in stationary position.

It is the object of our invention, therefore, to provide means wherebysuch respective advantages may be obtained; further, to provide arelatively small gear and a relatively large gear about a drill-spindleand novel means whereby the relatively large gear is rotativelydissociated from the drillspindle and its driving connections; further,to provide means whereby rotation of the relatively large gear isarrested or held sta-f tionarv upon rotativev dissociation thereof fromthe drill-spindle; and, further, to provide novel means in mechanismemploying a gear of comparatively small diameter and a gear ofcomparatively large diameter about a spindle for rotating the latter,and meansv whereby the gear of comparatively large Vdiameter about thespindle is supported in non-rotative relation thereto when employing thegear ofcoinparatively smallV diameter for imparting rotations to thespindle.

Our invention will be further readily understood from the followingdescription and claims, and from the drawings, in which latter: n

Fig. lis a side elevation, partly in section and partly broken away,showing a drillhead mounted on the radial-arm of a radial drill, andembodying our invention.

Fig. 2 is a central vertical axialorosssection of the Same. a

Y Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross-section ofa detail of the same, taken intheplane of the irregular line 3f-3 of Fig. 2, exemplifying a rotativereversing mechanism.

vFig. 4l is an enlarged axial-vertical crosssection of anexemplilication of our 'im.

provedrdevice, taken in the plane ofthe line 4 4 of Fig. 6, showing theinternal gear in driving relation.

Fig. 5 is a similar view,showing the in-v ternal gear in dissociatedrelation.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-Section of our` improved device, taken inthe plane of the line 6 6' of Fig. 4.-, and partly broken away.

Fig. 7 is a detail in vertical section, taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is an axial vertical cross-Section,v

showing a modification of our improved device, and taken in the plane ofthe line 8-8 of Fig. 9. f-

Fig. 9 isa horizontal cross-section of the same, taken in the plane ofthe line 9-9 of cludingfa radially extending drill-arm 21v extendingradially from the usual column, rotatable about the usual post,extending vertically from the usual base.

Referring to Figs. l1 to-7 inclusive, a drillhead 25 is adjustablelengthwise onv the drillarm and supports the drill-spindle 26, anddriving and feeding mechanism therefor. The drill-head supports a usualdrilling tool,

or may have a tapping-tool 27 therein, ar-4 ranged to thread apreviously drilled hole in a piece of wo1k`28 on the` table 29 of themachine.

The driving and feeding mechanism is actuated'by a usual cross-shaft 31,extending lengthwise of the drill-arm, and rotated in usual manner bymeans of driving mechanism at the column, usually including speedchanging mechanism, all as more fully described in said aforementionedpatent.

Thedrill-head is adjustable lengthwise of the drill-arm and thecross-shaft on guideways 32, 33, byl usual means, for instance, as morefully shown and described in the aforementioned patent.

The drill-spindle is rotatable in a non-rotatable sleeve35', sliding ina bearing 36 on the drill-head, end-abutment bearings 37, 38, beinglocated between the sleeve and the drill-spindle. The mechanism forfeeding this sleeve, and consequently the drill-spindle endwise by handor by power is usual, but preferably such as is more fully described inthe aforementioned patent.

A sleeve 41 surrounds thespindle and has connection therewith so as-torotate the same, as by providing the spindle with a splinegroove 42 andproviding a` key 43 therein having connection with the sleeve,permitting axial movements of the spindle in the sleeve. The sleeve isjournaled' in a bearing 44 in the drill-head.

The mechanism forl rotating the drill-spindle comprises a gear ofcomparatively small diameter, exemplified as an external spurgear 5l,and a gear of comparatively large diameter, exemplied asan internal gear52. rIhe external gear is fixedto the sleeve, as by a key'53. The sleeveis held axially in its bearing 45t between said' last-named gearl and astep-bearing 54' located'between an annular shoulder 55 on saidsleeveand an annular-shoulder 56 on'said bearing all. The pinion 57,shown xed to the sleeve, is the initial gear of a. usualtrain of powerfeeding gears for feeding the spindle axially, not more particularlyshown.

rI "he external gear. and the internal gear are arranged to be'd'rivenat various speeds, for imparting high speed ratios of rotation to thedrill-spindle when driven through the medium of said external gear, andfor imparting low speed ratios of rotation to the drill-spindle whendriven through the Vmedium of said internal gear.

axes of rotation of these gears being located v in the space between theteeth of theinternal gear and the external gear.

The gears 61, 62, are fast with a sleeve 63,

journaled in a bushing 64. The bushing has axial movement in a bearing65 for selective engagement of the gear 6l with the internalgear 52 orof the gear 62 with lthe external gear 51. The bushing is preferablynon-rotative in its bearing. A spline key 66 is held axially to thebushing andis received i-na spline groove 67. Partof this spline grooveis 4in said bushing and a mating part .thereof Y is in the bearing 65.(See Figa).

A shaft 7l is journaled in a bearing- 7 2 in the drill-head. The sleeve63 has spline-key and groove connection73 with said shaft, formaintaining rotative driving connection between them at the variouspositions of the sleeve on its shaft.- The gear 61 may be moved into the'bearing' 65 when thedriving gear 62 is caused to mesh vwith'theAexternal ear.

The shaft 7l is speeds imparted thereto, which are transmitted either tothe low speedv or to the high speed gearing aboutthe spindle, forimparting variable speeds to either the low speed o r high speed gearingthereabout.

For accomplishing this a variable-speeddriving connection is provided.between the arranged to have various shaft 71 andl a shaft-7 5. Thisvariable-speed drivingA connection is instancedj as comprising aplurality ofspaced-apart gears 76', 77, of`diffcrentdiameters,fixed tothe shaft 71.

Gears 79, 8O,y fast with a sleeve 81, are.

arranged to be selectively brought into meshing relation with thegears76, 7 7', as bymoving said sleeve lengthwise on the shaft 75,parallel with the shaft 71, said sleeve having spline-key and grooveconnection 82 with said shaft. V

The shaft isjournaled inv bearings 83l vin the drill-head and isAarranged'to be driven in opposite directions. p

Power reversing mechanism is included in the train of driving mechanismfor the drillspindle between the. cross-shaft and the gear-v ing inthedrill-head, and in instanced as comprising friction reversing mechanism.

The shaft 7 5 is provided wit-ha bevel-gear 85 fixed thereto.Bevel-gears 86, *87, are arranged to be placedl in mesh with thebevel-gear 85'at opposite sides of the latter, for selectively rotatingthe bevel-gearV 85,"

llo

and consequently the drill-spindle, in opposite directions by means ofthe crossl'shaft 31, or permitting to remain at rest.

The friction reversing mechanism exemplified comprises a sleeve 91,exemplified as having spline-key andfgroove connection 92 with thecross-shaft, and arianged to be moved lengthwise of the crossshaft withthe drill-head, as by being journaled inl bearings 93 on the drill-head.The gears 86, 87, are instanced asA loosely mounted on the sleeve, withsuitable friction clutching means between said sleeve and Veach of saidgears,

said bevel-gear and spindle exemplified as comprising clutch-bands 94,

95, between said bevel-gears and hubs 96, 97, fixed to said sleeve,whereby the gears may be selectively7 connected. with said sleeve byexpanding the clutch-bands of the respective clutches.

The clutch-bands are arrangedy to be selecv tively expanded by a. key 98acting upon suitable expanding levers 99, 100, forexpanding the frictionbands in well-known manner, and so arranged that shifting of the key'tothe sleeve 91 and secured to the key 98 by a screw 110.

The selective driving connections between the shaft 71 and thedrill-spindle, andfbetween the shafts 71 and 75, are preferablyindependently controlled by mechanism adapted to be manually actuated.Instanc-y ing this arrangement, the sleeve 63 is arranged lo be movedaxially on t-he shaft 71 for meshing the gear 61 with the internal gear52, or the gear 62 with the external gear 51. The proximate end'sof theteeth of the gears 61, 52, are preferably tapered, as

shown 'at 111, 112, said gears. y

This sleeve is exemplified as slidableaxifor avoiding clashing Vof allyon the shaft 71 by means of a fork'115,

received in an annular groove V116 formed in 'the hub lof the Oear 62,the fork being fixed to a sleeve 11i, slidable axially on a rod 118,fixed in the drill-head.y This sleever has a rack 119 thereon,engagedrby a segment-gear 120, on'a rocker-rod 121, journaled in thedrill-head and having 1a. seg-VV ment-gear 122, fixed thereon'.

The latter segment-gear ineshed by a rack 123', on a lengthwise movablerod 124,

' slidable in a guideway 125, inea housing 126 on thel drill-head, andhaving a rack 127 f thereon. This latter rack is engaged by aseginent-gear 128, fixed to a shaft 129,A with which a handle-arin 130is rigidly connected,

the shaft being journaled'in the housing. yThe handle-'arm comprises ayieldable pullhandle 131, which moves across and is arranged to be heldin selective positions on an arc-piece 132, The sleeve` 81 is arrangedto be move axially on the shaft 7 5, by being provided with an annulargroove 135, in which a fork 136 is received, the fork being operated inmanner similar to the operation of the fork 115, by a handle-arm 137,having a resilient pull-handle 138 thereon, and arranged to bei placedin selective positions along the' arcpiece 132, the construction andoperation be-v ing similar to the constructionand operation of the meansfor axially moving the sleeve A63, and all-as more fullyshown and de?scribed in the aforementionedpatent.

The axial movement of thel sleeve 81 en-A gages the gear 79 with thegear 76, or the gear 80 with the gear 77, for vimparting `a plurality ofspeeds to the shaft 71, and amplifying the'number of speeds of thesleeve 63, and multiplying the speeds impartedby the latter to thedrill-spindle. y

In order to support the gear 52 in such manner that it may be connectedwith the sleeve 41 or dissociated therefrom, we provide said gear withan elongated hub 141, in

"which there is a shell 142, fixed thereto, spaced-apartball-bearingsj143, I144, beingl located between said gearand itssleeve.` These ball-bearings are combined radial and end-thrustbearings.

The outer raceways of the ball-bearings are separated' by a thimble 145,rand the in ner raceways thereof are separated by a thimble: 146. A nut147, received about they upper threaded end 148 of the Sleeve, clampsthe innerraceways and thethimble therebetween to an annular shoulder 149on said liu sleeve. This nut is exemplified ashaving an annularprotecting flange y15.0 y extending therefrom Labove the ball-bearingsto guard the same against'dust and dirt.

A cover-housing 161 is received above the internal gear, and forms acover for the drillhead, the same being provided with an opening 162through which the spindle extends.

There is a clutching means between the sleeve 41 and the internal` gear,exemplified asa clutch-collar 164 about the, sleeve, connected withthesleevel by splinekey and' groove connection 166, and provided with.

clutch-teeth 167, arranged'to engage mating clutch-teeth v168 on theshell 142 of the internal gear.

at 169, 170, to avoid clashing of the teeth.

A clutch-lever171, shown" in the form of The proximate ends of the y.clutch-teeth are preferably beveled, vshown a .yoke received about theVclutch-collar, is* pivoted on aipin 172 to a 1ug173 nsecured to theweb-174 ofthe drill-head.

The larms of the yoke-lever are provided with pins Y175 .having rollers176 thereon located in an annular groove 177 in the clutchcollar,formiiigan operativeV connection between :the clutclrleveryand theclutch-collar.

The `clutch-collar. is operated in unison With the speed changingmechanism for driving thespindlefby means of the external gear or the linternal gear in such manner that,- Whenthe `internal gear is arrangedtodo the driving, the clutch is kplacedin engagement i and .when theexternal gear'is arrangedto do the driving, the clutch mechanism' isindis-A connected relation.

Meansare also preferably. provided Whereby 4the operation off-the clutchis automaticallyaccomplished by the shifting mech-A anismrfor effectingspeed-change. Thus the; vsleeve 63 is provided with a projection17 9,1Athis projection being shown as an extension of tliekey 66,`Which isarranged to engage f 1 theilever 171 Vfor swinging the lat-ter on itspivotv and causing clutchengagement.

Release of the clutch is caused by move ment of the sleeve in theopposite direction.

/ large diameter, namely, the inter-nal` gear,

when the .latter isA unclutched, exemplied as accomplished by a brake187, shown .comprising a brake-shoe 188 xed tothe clutch-v levcr, andarranged to engage a coactingan-v nular -face 186 onthe web 58 of theinternal gear, soas to stop-rotation of `the internal;` gear when theclutch is unclutched', this ,stop-y ping being substantiallyinstantaneous. Thev brake-shoe may be secured to the. lever v171 byscrews 189. The brake-shoe nis urged toward the web of the internal gearby the spring 185 acting on the plunger ,181, which engages the webr1741 of the' drill-head. i

. In the modification sho-ivnfinFigs; 8 to 12 inclusive, thecomparatively large gear is provided with clutching means at .its upperend.y The various parts ofy the clutching means and of .the mountingmeans. forthe internal gear are similar to those hereinbefore described,the various parts being designated by similar reference numerals raisedto the series 200.

'lheclutchdever 271 is .shown provided with a fork .receivedabout theclutch-collar.

sleeve 63. is articulated.

shovvninthe form of a shanksecured to the-:sleeve 63-by screws 291, andmovable i yceived in slots 295in said fork. Y

The Ilever'iszp'ivoted on :bolts 272 in :lugs 52731l`depen-ding-rom-tthe cover-housing 261.

Thelelver is further provided Vwith a liforlr 278, With which a.projectionl 279 on the This projection is axially in :a guideway 292 inthe bearingv 265,

-in which the sleeve has axial movement, thus preventing rotation of thesleeve. The

articulation between the lever and said extension comprises a pin 293in'said. extension, havi-ngaslide-blocks 294 thereon, re

Thefbrake'` 287. is- Y shown. comprising a a plunger 281,movable axiallyin a socket 282m said-clutchdever.

a hole 284 in said clutch-lever, a spring 285 in the socket 282 normallyurging the brake- Tlie brakef shoe, toward .the Ainternal' gear.

brake-shoe-288,received in, a socket 290 in f The plunger is pro n vided.with a shank-283 extending through shoe lcoacts .with a `coaetingannular face l286 on the internal gear.

8, Ythevclutch for saidinternal gear ismoved out of clutchinglrelationand the braking A nut 296 is threadedlabout the threadedend of saidshank, the adjustiiient of the nutlimiting themovement. of thebrake-shoe."toward the internal gear..

meansthereforis moved `into engaging rela'- f tion, 'orsarrestingrotation ofy the internal gear- When the gear 61 is moved intofmesh Withthe..internal-v.gear,v the braking mecha" nismvisrfirst released,thereby permitting ready meshingl .between .said gears, especially whenthe-teeth thereof are provided with .matingend tapering aces and thecoactingr teeth of the clutch means are alsojengaged, which y is readilyaccomplished, especially it `of rotative speed changes, the gear ofcomparatively large diameter, represented as the internalgean'which isthe final gear in the train of gearing .for lrelativelyvlow speed rangelof rotations for the spindle, is disconnectedrfroni saidispindley andfrom its driving agencies, andyits rotation is'further.

arrested, whereby` the strains upon they trains of mechanism, .whichWould be dueto such rotations Aofvsaid'. comparatively large gear actingeither uponthe spindle or the driving means therefor,l are removed, alsorelievinggthe reverse. friction i' means, which are f the proximatelends oi' said teeth are tapered, Y the engagements :of 'said gears andsaid' clutch connecting the internal gear With the large diameter'aboutthe axis of rotation of' saiddrill-spindle, means operatively connectingsaid gears with saidk drill-spindle for rotating the latter,speed-change gearing for said gears `for driving the latter at variousspeeds, means operatively dissociating said gear of comparatively largediameter from said spindle and from said speedchange gearing, andbraln'ng means for said.

gear of comparatively large diameter.

2. In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a gear ofcomparatively small diameter and a gear of comparatively large diameterabout the axis of rotation o said drill-spindle, means operativelyconnecting said gears with said drill-spindle for rotating the latter,driving means for said gears comprising power reversing mechanism andspeed-changing gearing between the latter and said gears, meansoperatively dissociating said gear of comparatively large diameter fromsaid spindle and from said driving means, and means arresting rotationof said gear oitl comparatively large vdiameter when the latter is sodissociated.

3. In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, va sleevethereabout rotatively connected with said drill-spindle, an externalgear of comparatively small diameter and an internal gear ofcomparatively large diameter about said sleeve, means rotativelyconnecting said first-named gear with said sleeve, clutching meansbetween said sleeve and said second-named gear, a

clutch-lever therefor, speed changing means.

for said gears comprising a pair of axially arranged gears of diierentdiameters arranged to mesh by axial movements with said respectivelirst-named gears, and means for moving said gears axially, saidlastnanied means arranged for operative connection with saidclutch-lever for-'operating the latter.

4. In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a sleevethereabout rotatively connected with said drill-spindle, a gear ofcomparatively small diameter and a gear of comparatively large diameterabout said sleeve, means rotatively connecting said iirst-named gearwith said sleeve, clutching means between said sleeve and saidsecond-named gear, speed changing means for lsaid gears comprising amovable meinber, a clutch-lever for operating' said clutch,

and braking means .for said second-named gear, said movable memberarranged for operative connection with said clutch-lever and saidbraking meansfor engagement of said clutching means and relief of saidbraking means by movement of said movable member in Vone direction andlrelief of said clutching means and engagement of said braking' means bymovement of said movable meinberv in` the opposite direction. u

In af drilling machine, the combination of a drill-head, a drill-spindletherein,`V a sleeve aboutsaid drill-spindle having connection with saiddrill-spindle for rotating the latter, anV external* gear ofcomparatively small-diameter and an internal gear of comparatively largediameter about saidA sleeve, means rotatively connecting saidfirst-named gear with ksaid sleeve, clutching mechanism between saidsleeve and said internal gear comprising an axially movable collar aboutsaid sleeve, a lever pivoted to said head and having operativeconnection with said collar, speed-changing gearing for said Vfirstnamedgears comprising a movable member having operative connection with saidlever, and braking means for said internal gear having operativeconnection With said movable member. v

6.7In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a sleevethereabout having connection therewith for rotating the same, anexternal gear lixed to said sleeve, an internal gear rotative about saidsleeve, speedchange means for said gears comprising a movable member,and a clutch and lever for operating the same located within saidinternal gear, said clutch arranged for clutching engagement with saidinternal gear, and said movable member arranged for operative connectionwith said lever.

7 In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a sleevethereabout having connection therewith for rotating the same, anexternal gear fixed to vsaid sleeve, an internal4 gear rotative aboutsaid sleeve, speed change means for said gears comprising a movablemember, a clutch' between said sleeve and said internal gear, a leverfor operating said clutch, and a brake on said lever for said internalgear, said movable member arranged to operate said lever.

8. lIn a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a sleevethereabout rotative therewith, an external, gear fixed to said sleeve,an internal gear provided with an elongated hub about said sleeve,axially spaced ball-bearings ,between said hub and said sleeve,clutching means between said sleeve and said internal gear at one end ofsaid ball-bearings, and speed-change means for said gears, saidspeed-change means comprising a movable member arranged for operativeconnection with said clutching means for operating the latter.

:9. In a drilling .'niachine, 'the 4combination of 4a :drill-spindle, asleeve thereabout hav ing connection with said drill-spindleforrotat-ing the latter', a bearing .in said `head for saidsleeve, anexternal gear fixed 'to rsaid sleeve, an internal gear about saidsleeve, clutching means 'between saidisleeve and said internal .gearcomprising a -colllar having rotative connection With saidlsleeve, .ayokelever about said collar vhaving vconnection therewithfffor axiallymoving said collar,

'speed-change means for said gears comprising a movable member arrangedfor clutch operation, and resilient means for said lever acting counterto the latter.

l0. In a radial drilling machine, 1the combination of a horizontaldrill-'aum a driven shaft extending lengthwise of said arm, a

drill-'head slidable laterally oni-said arm, a

ramone# drill-'spindle journaled therein, a lgear 'of comparatively'small diameter Iand a gear of comparatively large diameter about theaxis of yrotation for said .drill-spindle, means operatively connectingsaid last-named gears with said ydrill-spindle `for rotating ltheVlatter, `Spee(1l-change gea-ringen said drill-head arranged foroperative connections Wthsaid last-named gears for driving the flatter,means Ioperatively vdissocizusing 'sa-id gear of comparatively vlargediameter from vsaid drill-spindle and from said speed-Change gearing,and riction reversing mechanismbetween 'the said said shaft.

In testimonywhereof, We have -hereunto signed our names.'

' ALBERT E. ROBINSON. AUGUSTUS M. SOSA.

speedechange gearing and

